![]() Substitution - When one sound is substituted for another.īacking - is the substitution of a sound produced in front of the mouth with a sound produced in the back of the mouth (e.g. “nana” for “banana”, “puter” for “computer”). Weak Syllable Deletion - is the deletion of a weak syllable in a word (e.g. This is usually seen in more sever phonological processing disorders. If your child is using this phonological process, we recommend reaching out to a speech language therapist. ![]() This is an unusual pattern that typically indicates the presence of a phonological delay. Initial consonant deletion - is the deletion of the initial consonant sound in a word (e.g. We can expect this sounds pattern to resolve by the age of 3. This phonological process should resolve by the time a child is 4 for words without /S/ and by age 5 for words with /S/.įinal consonant deletion - is the deletion of a final consonant sound in a word (e.g. Syllable structure - Sound changes that cause sounds or syllables to be reduced, omitted or repeatedĬluster reduction - occurs when a child simplifies a cluster of consonant sounds into a single sound or a more manageable combination of sounds.(e.g. Phonological Processes fall under three categories: syllable structure, substitution, and assimilation (downloadable chart below). Here are some common phonological processes that occur in children’s language development, along with brief explanations and the ages they typically resolve. Understanding phonological processes can help parents better understand their child’s speech development and know what to expect as their child grows and becomes a more confident and clear communicator. For example, a child may simplify the word “stop” to “top” by dropping the “s” sound, or replace the “th” sound in “think” with the “f” sound, producing “fink.” These changes are temporary and typically disappear as children get older and their speech becomes clearer. These processes are a normal part of language development and help children produce speech sounds that are easier for them to say. Phonological processes are the ways that young children change or simplify the sounds in words as they learn to talk.
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